Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dergisi, İzmir, Türkiye, 4 - 07 Mart 2020, cilt.10, sa.10, ss.18, (Özet Bildiri)
Introduction: B₁₂ plays very important roles in growth, hematopoiesis, and neurocognitive functions, Because it is essential in DNA and RNA synthesis, the homocysteine-methionine cycle, and neurotransmitter synthesis (1). Therefore, it is important that their levels are within the standart limits according to group of ages, especially in childhood and adolescence. keeping B₁₂ deficiency in mind in childhood is important for a healthy development. although the cost of replacing the B₁₂ deficiency is low cost, the delay in treatment can lead to serious and irreversible complications (2). Methods:a total of 167 patients aged 0-17 years, who did not have a known chronic disease and had a deficiency of B₁₂, who applied to afyon kocatepe university health sciences hospital child health and diseases outpatient clinic between November 2018 and December 2019 were included in the study. The clinical and demographic data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed through the hospital information system. vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is identified between 160-200 pg/ ml and vitamin B₁₂ severe deficiency is known as below 160 pg/ml (3). SPSS 23.0 statistical program was used to analyze the data. For numerical data, the median and distribution range, arithmetic mean±standard deviation were used. Categorical data were specified as numbers and percentages. The results obtained were evaluated to be p<0.05 significant. Results: 40% (n:66) of the patients were boys and 60% (n:101) were girls. the average age was 9.8±6 years. B₁₂ mean value was found to be 168±33. severe B₁₂ deficiency was detected in 29% (n:55) cases. severe B₁₂ deficiency was found to be 49% (27/55) most commonly in adolescence, 40% in second-most infants and finally 11% (6/55) in the 3-9 age group. Anemia was present in 14% of the patients (n:24). considering the complaints, 18% (n:30) applied with nonspecific complaints such as headache, anorexia 16% (n:26), 13% (n:22) weakness, 10% (n:16) growth retardation. fatigue was most frequently found at the age of 15 and after 64% (14/22). vitamin D deficiency was found to be significantly higher in the 10-17 age group and anemia 0-9 age group (p:0,000). anemia was found to be significantly higher in the severe B₁₂ deficiency (p:0.012). mcv mean values between the groups were found to be significantly lower in the severe B₁₂ deficiency group (p:0.02). Discussion: In a wide-ranging study which European countries are examined, it has been reported that adolescents have unbalanced diet, 50% of those who start the day with breakfast, and the daily consumption of vegetables and fruits is 20% (4). as the results of two studies, it is reported that B₁₂ deficiency is frequently encountered in our country due to maternal nutrition (5,6). especially in the research, severe B₁₂ deficiency was found most frequently in adolescence and the second most common infancy in this study. In this study, in accordance with the literature, b12 deficiency was higher in girls (7). In this study, in accordance with the literature, the fatique was found more frequently after the age of 15 (8). In a study, it was emphasized that these two deficiencies are common and often accompany each other. Therefore, it is stated that it is difficult to determine which one is the cause of the anemia (9). Similar to the literature, anemia was detected in 14% of patients (24/167) in this study. In researches; because B₁₂ deficency and iron deficiency often accompany each other, it has been reported that the macrocytosis incidence of markedly decreased (10,11). In this study, MCv elevation was not detected in any patient. In this study, , in accordance with the literature, when the 0-9 age group and the 10-17 age group were compared, a significantly higher level of deficiency was found in the adolescent group (19/57) (12). Conclusion: B₁₂ deficiency is more frequent, and accompanying iron and d vit deficiencies are observed at a high rate. It should be kept in mind for deficiencies that families with socioeconomic low level is important, as well as adolescents with unbalanced nutrition. It is a well-known fact that breast milk benefits from many aspects such as growth and development and immunity. More studies should be done to increase the education of the mothers and to follow the mother in terms of deficiencies and to replace the deficiencies during and after pregnancy.