SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF RC BUILDINGS AND HIGHWAY BRIDGES DURING THE KAHRAMANMARAS EARTHQUAKES
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering proceedings, International Association for Earthquake Engineering, 2024
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2024
- Yayınevi: International Association for Earthquake Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Bridge Damages, Detail Faults, Field Observation, RC Buildings
- Uşak Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
On February 6, 2023, two sequential severe earthquakes with magnitudes of Mw 7.7 and 7.6, occurred in the southern region of Türkiye with the focal depths of 8.6km and 7.0km, respectively causing an excessive loss of lives and property. The spectral acceleration values recorded in these earthquakes far exceeded those expected for the design-based earthquake with a return period of 475 years. Even there are several period ranges where the spectral acceleration values exceeded those anticipated for the maximum credible earthquake (2475-year return period). Governmental officials indicated that more than 50,000 citizens lost their lives and declared a monetary direct loss of more than 100 billion dollars. Because of the large area affected by the earthquake, the structural damage inspection concentrated on a specific region. Hatay was selected to conduct a reconnaissance survey on damaged structures not only due to the large extent of damaged buildings and losses but also the high intensity ground motions recorded in this province. Given the substantial size of the affected building stock, particular emphasis was placed on inspecting the structural damage in relatively new constructions of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, which were constructed after 2000. Investigations were conducted based on the damage resulting from the irregularities in structural system, deficiencies in detailing at the member level, and the inadequacy of construction materials. Additionally, the structural damage and seismic performance of highway bridges were examined. The deviation from a simple and regular design approach, the inability to establish a structural system compliant with earthquake-resistant design principles due to deficiencies in the dimensions and layout of structural elements are the main causes of observed damage in buildings. Moreover, during both design and construction stages, building inspections and audit were not properly and sufficiently employed. Therefore, the inspected damaged buildings have several irregularities in their structural systems, improper detailing in RC components and inadequacies in the concrete and reinforcement steel. In contrast to past earthquakes, structural damage was observed in the examined highway bridges, with a concentration of damage in superstructure beams and shear keys due to the pounding effect between the superstructure and substructure.