Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Energy and Buildings, cilt.352, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
To achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, Zero Energy Building mandates have been implemented. The Photovoltaic-Thermal (PVT) system, which is installed on building walls to generate both electricity and heat, is one of the most effective energy production methods. In this study, short- and long-term demonstration experiments and simulations were conducted to analyze the operating characteristics of Mode 2, which functions without a differential temperature controller. Mode 1 is the differential temperature control method used in typical solar thermal systems. Mode 2 operates the collector-side pump when the electricity produced by the PVT system exceeds the pump’s nominal capacity. The results showed that Mode 2 had a longer operating time than Mode 1. Although heat loss (heat dissipation) occurred during sunrise and sunset, there was no significant difference in overall energy production. Annual simulation results indicated that the performance of Mode 2 was comparable to that of Mode 1. Furthermore, the total efficiency and CO2 reduction of the PVT system were estimated to be approximately 3.58 times and 2.2 times higher than those of a conventional Photovoltaic system, respectively. In conclusion, installing a Mode 2 PVT system, which operates without differential temperature control, in an apartment or house with a limited collection area can reduce initial costs while maintaining performance comparable to Mode 1.