Computational and experimental study of terpolymers: spectroscopic, thermal, thermochemical, molecular property, and in silico toxicity analysis

ÇANKAYA N., Kebiroglu M. H., SOYKAN C.

Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1080/01480545.2025.2468924
  • Journal Name: Drug and Chemical Toxicology
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, Environment Index, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Keywords: Density functional theory (DFT), electron localization function (ELF), in silico toxicology, molecular electrostatic potential maps (MEP), thermochemistry surface maps (TCSM), total electrostatic potential (ESP)
  • Uşak University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the CMA2OEM-co-DVB-co-AMPS (2-(bis(cyanomethyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) and CMA2OEM-co-DVB-co-VIM (2-(bis(cyanomethyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene-co-vinylimidazole) terpolymers was conducted. The structural and chemical properties of the terpolymers were examined using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, frontier molecular orbital analysis, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy, thermochemistry surface maps (TCSM), toxicity assessments, physical properties, electron localization function (ELF), and total electrostatic potential (ESP) analyses. In silico toxicity analyses, a quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model was used for Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST) and ProTox 3.0, a web-based virtual toxicity laboratory, was used for oral toxicity prediction. Toxicity estimates using TEST showed that both terpolymers exhibited low toxicity profiles. Oral toxicity prediction emphasizes that CMA2OEM-co-DVB-co-VIM may pose a greater risk compared to CMA2OEM-co-DVB-co-AMPS. In addition, experimental thermal characterization of these terpolymers was also performed. These comprehensive analyses have provided significant insights into the potential applications and functional properties of the terpolymers.