Dress may show the characteristics of an era, a country, a community or a person. As in other folk arts, clothing is one of the most vibrant documents of cultures. Since folk clothing, which is a cultural product, is directly related to people, it is an indicator of the people’s modes of living. The colours, patterns and motifs especially used in folk clothing provide important information on such matters. This article deals with the colours and patterns of the folk clothing in the regions within Romania. For this purpose, samples of folk clothing belonging to the regions considered as the most traditional are illustrated and the elements of folk clothing examined in terms of colour and pattern features. The article lists various colours and patterns and shows how their configurations serve as identifying markers for the various regional locations of their wearers.