Dillapiole and its antifungal and herbicidal activities

Fernandes C. C., AYTAR E. C., Miranda M. L.

Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature, vol.15, no.3, pp.279-289, 2025 (ESCI, Scopus)

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 15 Issue: 3
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1080/22311866.2025.2518169
  • Journal Name: Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature
  • Journal Indexes: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.279-289
  • Keywords: <italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</italic>, agricultural fungi, active phenylpropanoid
  • Uşak University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Dillapiole is a highly active phenylpropanoid which exhibits remarkable antifungal, insecticidal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed at determining in vitro antifungal activities of pure dillapiole against 20 fungi of economic interest, namely, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. nomiae, A. aculeatus, Penicillium digitatum, P. expansum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Agroathelia rolfsii, S. minor, Fusarium graminearum, Myrothecium verrucaria, Corynespora cassiicola, Colletotrichum musae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Bipolaris oryzae, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria carthami, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus stolonifer and Macrophomina faseolina. Antifungal activities were evaluated by the disk diffusion method (DDM); doses of dillapiole ranged between 0.05 µg/mL and 0.4 µg/mL. The concentration of 0.3 µg/mL inhibited mycelial growth of 15 fungal strains completely while the concentration of 0.4 µg/mL inhibited 100% of growth of all strains under investigation. In addition, in silico and in vivo herbicidal activities of dillapiole were assessed against Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) and by post-emergence assays, respectively. Mortality rates of dillapiole in A. thaliana (ecotype Col-0) in greenhouse conditions were 80.2 % and 29.1 % after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. These new in vitro and in silico findings reinforce the antifungal potential and suggest the good phytotoxic activity of dillapiole.