Protective effects of astaxanthin on nephrotoxicity in rats with induced renovascular occlusion
Combinatorial Chemistry and High Throughput Screening, vol.24, no.8, pp.1236-1242, 2021 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 24 Issue: 8
- Publication Date: 2021
- Doi Number: 10.2174/1386207323666200914104432
- Journal Name: Combinatorial Chemistry and High Throughput Screening
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
- Page Numbers: pp.1236-1242
- Keywords: 8-OHdG, Astaxanthin, GSH, IL-6, Renal ischemia-reperfusion, SOD, TNF-α, Total Thiol
- Uşak University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Background: Various effects of Astaxanthin were shown in the studies, including its an-tioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immunoregulatory effects Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of Astaxanthin on renovascu-lar occlusion induced renal injury and to investigate the possible mechanisms. Methods: The rats were randomly assigned into three groups as follows: Group 1: control group (n=12), Group 2: renal ischemia-reperfusion injury group (n=12), Group 3: renal ischemia-reperfu-sion + asthaxantine treated group (n=12). The control group and the renal ischemia-reperfusion group were given 2cc/kg/g olive oil for 7 days before establishing ischemia to renal tissue. Astaxan-thin dissolved in olive oil was given orally to the renal ischemia+astaxanthin group for 7 days before inducing renal ischemia. Caspase-(3, 8, 9), GSH, SOD, Total Thiol, TNF-α, IL-6, 8-OHdG were evaluated in each group. Results: Renal IRI was verified by analysing the pathological changes of renal tissues and the renal functions after renal reperfusion. Much less renal tubular damage was determined in the IRI+ASX group in comparison to the IRI group. Caspase-8,-9 and-3 immunoreactivity was observed to be minimal in the control group. Apoptosis was observed to be significantly reduced in the IRI + ASX group with respect to the IRI group and close to the level of the control group (p <0.05). Caspase-3 levels of tissue samples were significantly increased in the IRI group compared to the other groups, but significantly lower in the IRI+ASX group with respect to the IRI group (p<0.05). The TOS and OSI levels, indicating increased oxidative stress, were significantly lower in the IRI+ASX group with respect to the IRI group (p <0.001), but still higher than the control group (p <0.001). In addition to GSH, SOD and Total Thiol levels, TAS levels were also significantly higher in the IRI + ASX group in comparison to the IRI group (p <0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, lipid hydroperoxide, AOPP and 8-OHdG levels were lower in the IRI+ASX group than the IRI group (p <0.001). MPO, IL-6, TNF-α levels, representing the parameters indicating neutrophil infiltration and inflammation of the renal tissues, significantly increased in the IRI group with respect to the other groups (p <0.005). Conclusion: When all the data obtained in our study were evaluated, ASX was determined to pre-vent renal damage due to renovascular occlusion to a great extent, through complex mechanisms in-volving antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Biochemical, histological and oxidative stress parameters were improved due to ASX.