Integrating biomass and bioenergy into livestock systems: A life cycle assessment of hydroponic fodder and biodiesel in free-range egg production in Türkiye
Biomass and Bioenergy, cilt.217, 2027 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 217
- Basım Tarihi: 2027
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109929
- Dergi Adı: Biomass and Bioenergy
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Compendex, Environment Index, Geobase, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Life cycle assessment (LCA), Bioenergy integration, Biodiesel, Poultry production systems, Egg production, Hydroponic feed, Biomass utilisation, Environmental sustainability
- Uşak Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
The integration of biomass-derived feed and renewable biofuels is a promising approach to reduce livestock production's environmental impacts. This study conducts a cradle-to-farm-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of free-range egg production in Türkiye, incorporating hydroponic green barley fodder (HGBF) and biodiesel. Primary data were collected from a feeding trial with three hen genotypes: Leghorn, Lohmann Brown, and Atak-S. Four scenarios were evaluated: sorghum substitution (SS), rapeseed substitution (RS), biodiesel transport (BD), and a combination of sorghum and biodiesel (SS–BD). The CML-IA baseline method was used to quantify environmental impacts, revealing that feed production and livestock rearing are significant hotspots. HGBF showed lower environmental impacts than commercial feed, reducing global warming potential (GWP) by approximately 64% and fossil energy demand by about 63%. However, its role as a supplement limited its impact on overall egg production. Baseline GWP among genotypes ranged from 33.6 to 36.0 kg CO2-eq kg−1 eggs, with breed differences within Monte Carlo uncertainty ranges. Biodiesel substitution provided the most substantial environmental benefits, lowering whole-system GWP by up to 7% per kilogram of eggs and significantly decreasing fossil resource depletion. Feed substitution scenarios had varying impacts, with some decreasing eutrophication but increasing terrestrial ecotoxicity, indicating environmental trade-offs. Renewable fuel substitution was identified as the most effective decarbonization strategy, while the positive effects of hydroponic fodder relied on its potential to replace traditional feed rather than merely supplement it. This study highlights the necessity of comprehensive system assessments in evaluating agricultural innovations for sustainable livestock production.