Research Information System
5th International Eurasian Conference on Science, Engineering and Technology (EurasianSciEnTech 2024), June 26-28, 2024 www.EurasianSciEnTech.org, Ankara, Turkey, 26 - 28 June 2024, pp.1021-1028, (Full Text)
Abstract
In this study, an intumescent flame retardant system (IFR), consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER) in a 3:1 ratio, was incorporated at loadings of 20, 25 and 30 wt % in polypropylene based composite materials by using a twin-screw extruder. Effects of the intumescent flame retardant additions on the thermal and burning behaviors of the composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimeter analysis, limiting oxygen index test, UL 94 test and cone calorimeter test. The experimental findings showed that the incorporation of IFR prompted early decomposition of the composite due to the presence of APP and PER, leading to the formation of a char layer and decreased maximum decomposition rates. Although the melting temperature was largely unaffected by the IFR addition, the composites revealed slightly higher crystallization temperatures compared to pure polypropylene. Additionally, both the melting and crystallization enthalpies decreased with increasing IFR content. Moreover, the addition of IFR was observed to enhance the fire resistance of polypropylene. Despite the failure of 20 wt% IFR addition to meet the UL 94 test criteria, the composite materials containing 25 wt % and 30 wt % IFR achieved a V0 grade in the UL 94 test and 30 and 31 in the LOI test, respectively. Cone calorimeter tests demonstrated notable reductions in peak heat release rate, total heat release value, smoke, CO, and CO₂ emissions with increasing IFR loading.